Requirements for iron ore quality in blast furnace smelting

Requirements for iron ore quality in blast furnace smelting

1. Brief introduction of blast furnace ironmaking

Blast furnace ironmaking is an old smelting method. High productivity, low consumption and low cost are its great advantages. In addition, with the continuous absorption of new technology, blast furnace ironmaking is still developing. So at present, blast furnace ironmaking is still the main force of ironmaking. After several centuries of development, modern blast furnace technology has reached a very high level.

Blast furnace smelting process is a continuous production process. The charge enters the furnace cavity from the top of the furnace, and is filled with coke in the hearth and belly at the bottom of the furnace. The waist and body of the furnace are layers of iron ore, coke and so on, all the way to the throat. A large amount of hot air with a temperature of up to 1000-1200 ℃ is blown in from the tuyere installed on the hearth. The coke in the charge burns in front of the tuyere, generating a large amount of heat rapidly, making the central temperature of the furnace cavity near the tuyere as high as over 1800 ℃. The whole process is completed by a series of physical and chemical reactions in the process of furnace charge from top to bottom and gas from bottom to top. After two processes: one is the formation of reducing gas, the other is the gradual reduction of iron oxide by reducing gas. In the blast furnace smelting process, there are mainly the following steps: 1) indirect reduction and direct reduction of iron; 2) slagging process; 3) formation of pig iron.

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